Planning, Frameworks and Policy Development 

Resources:

Digital Preservation Management workshop tutorial: http://dpworkshop.org/

Digital Preservation Coalition Handbook: http://www.dpconline.org/ advice/handbook-2

Reference Model for an Open Archival Information System (OAIS)

Preserving Access to Digital Information (PADI), National Library of Australia

Checklist for Cloud Service Contracts, InterPARES Trust

Example policies:

Simon Fraser University Digital Preservation: https://www.sfu.ca/archives/digital-repository.html

Scholars Portal Trusted Digital Repository planning: https://spotdocs.scholarsportal.info/display/OAIS/Home

Digital Preservation Metadata

Metadata should be captured which reflects the digital preservation actions which have taken place as well as technical metadata about the objects being preserved.

Resources:

Preservation Metadata Implementation Standard (PREMIS): http://www.loc.gov/standards/premis/

Metadata Encoding and Transmission Standard (METS): http://www.loc.gov/standards/mets/ 

Digital Preservation Actions

There are a number of discrete actions that may take place as part of digital preservation workflows. Below, tools and resources are broken down into the type of action taking place. There is an emphasis on free and open-source tools.

General Resources:

POWRR (Preserving Digital Objects With Restricted Resources): http://digitalpowrr.niu.edu/

COPTR (Community Owned Digital Preservation Tool Registry): http://coptr.digipres.org/ Main_Page

Checksums/fixity - Tools to create checksums:

* md5deep: http://md5deep.sourceforge.net/ 
* md5summer: http://www.md5summer.org/ 
* Built into various preservation systems/tools: Archivematica, Preservica, Bagger, DuraCloud, etc.

Tools to check checksums:
* Fixity: https://github.com/avpreserve/fixity 
* Built into various tools/systems as above

Virus scanning - Tools to scan viruses:

* Clam AV: http://www.clamav.net/

Virus scanning is typically built into preservation systems.

File format identification - Tools to identify file formats:

*Format Identifier for Digital Objects (FIDO): https://github.com/openplanets/fido 
*Siegfried: https://github.com/richardlehane/siegfried 
*File Information Tool Set (FITS): http://projects.iq.harvard.edu/fits 
(Bundles together many other tools and acts as a wrapper)
*DROID: https://github.com/digital-preservation/droid

Resources:

PRONOM, National Archives of the UK: http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/Default.aspx

Library of Congress Format Description Documents: http://www.digitalpreservation.gov/formats/fdd/descriptions.shtml

File formats wiki: http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/Main_Page

Characterization/metadata extraction - Tools for metadata extraction/characterization:

*File Information Tool Set (FITS): http://projects.iq.harvard.edu/fits 
*Metadata extraction tool: http://meta-extractor.sourceforge.net/ 
*ffprobe: https://ffmpeg.org/ffprobe.html 
*Exiftool: http://www.sno.phy.queensu.ca/~phil/exiftool/ 
*MediaInfo: https://mediaarea.net/en/MediaInfo 
*Sleuthkit: http://www.sleuthkit.org/

Validation - Tools for validation:

*JHOVE: https://github.com/openpreserve/jhove

*veraPDF: http://verapdf.org/ 

*MediaConch: http://mediaarea.net/mediaconch 
*DPF Manager: http://dpfmanager.org/ 
*jpylyzer: http://jpylyzer.openpreservation.org/

Normalization/migration - Tools for normalization/migration:

*Imagemagick: http://www.imagemagick.org/script/index.php

*Inkscape: http://www.inkscape.org/ 
*FFMPEG: http://ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg.html 
*Ghostscript: http://www.ghostscript.com/

Preservation systems

There are a number of digital preservation systems that combine all or some of the preservation actions described above:

Open source:
Archivematica: http://archivematica.org/ 
E-Ark: http://eark-project.com/ 

Proprietary:
Preservica: http://preservica.com/ 
Rosetta Plus: http://www.exlibrisgroup.com/category/RosettaOverview

Acquisitions and Accessioning

Good Practices for Acquiring Email Archives (2024)

Resources:

PAIMAS:  https://www.dcc.ac.uk/guidance/standards/diffuse/show?standard_id=154

Paradigm project: http://www.paradigm.ac.uk/

InterPARES Digital Record Acquisitions Policy: http://interpares.org/ip3/ip3_case_studies.cfm?team=1#cs08

A First Look at the Acquisition and Appraisal of the 2010 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games Fonds: or, SELECT * FROM VANOC _Records AS Archives WHERE Value="true"

Tools:

Exactly: https://www.avpreserve.com/tools/exactly/

SFU MoveIT tool: https://www.sfu.ca/archives/digital-repository/move-it.html

Physical Preservation of Digital Carriers

Resources:

International Association of Sound and Audiovisual Archives: Guidelines on the Production and Preservation of Digital Audio Objects  

Trusted Digital Repository Audit and Certification

Resources:

Philip Bantin, ed., Building Trustworthy Digital Repositories, Theory and Implementation: https://rowman.com/ISBN/9781442263796/Building-Trustworthy-Digital-Repositories-Theory-and-Implementation

Trusted Digital Repositories: Attributes and Responsibilities

Trustworthy Digital Repositories Audit & Certification (TDR)

Tools:

Self-assessment tool: https://www.archivematica.org/en/docs/archivematica-1.6/getting-started/other-resources/trac/#trac

Determining Digital Preservation Costs and Staffing Needs 

Digital Preservation Business Case Toolkit - A comprehensive toolkit to help practitioners and middle managers build business cases to fund digital preservation activities, created by the Jisc funded SPRUCE Project

Staffing for Effective Digital Preservation - results of a Survey of Organizations Preserving Digital Content (Dec 2013)

Towards Developing a Framework of Cost Elements for Preserving Authentic Electronic Records into Perpetuity by Shelby Sanett (Sept 2002)

A Comparison Between Migration and Emulation in Terms of Costs - Erik Oltmans & Nanda Kol (April 2005)

Getting to the Bottom Line: 20 Cost Questions for Digital Preservation - the MetaArchive Cooperative

Curation Costs Exchange - a community owned platform which helps organizations of any kind assess the costs of curation practices through comparison and analysis

E-journals, Podcasts and Blogs

D-Lib Magazine - a focus on digital library research and development, including new technologies, applications, and contextual social and economic issues

First Monday - a peer-reviewed journal about research on the Internet

Digital Preservation Coalition  (DPC)

The International Journal of Digital Curation

Library of Congress podcast series on digital preservation

Blogs

• Digitization 101
• The Signal
• Digital Preservation Matters
• bloggERS! 

Presentations and Publications

• "Access to Archives (& Other Records) in the Digital" by Chris Hurley. 31st National Conference of the Australian Society of Archivist; October 17-21, 2016, Parramatta (YouTube Video)

• "Avoiding the 927 Problem: Standards, Digital Preservation, and Communities of Practice" by Dan Gillean. Artefactual; PASIG NYC Oct 26, 2016 (Slide presentation)

• "Where's the Archivist in Digital Curation? Exploring the Possibilities through a Matrix of Knowledge and Skills" by Christopher A. Lee and Helen Tibbo. Archivaria 72. (Fall 2011): 123-168.

• "Beyond the Magic to the Mechanism: Computers, Materiality, and What It Means for Records to Be "Born Digital" by Ciaran B. Trace. Archivaria 72. (Fall 2011): 5-27.

• "From Digital Diplomatics to Digital Records Forensics" by Luciana Duranti. Archivaria 68 (Fall 2009): 39-66.

• "Moments of Risk: Identifying Threats to Electronic Records" by David Bearman. Archivaria 62 (Winter 2006): 15-46.

• "Managing the Long-term Preservation of Electronic Archives or Preserving the Medium and the Message" by Jacques Grimard. Archivaria 59 (Winter 2005): 153-167.

• "Access to Information in a Digital World" by Karen Adams and William Birdsall (eds.) (Ottawa: Canadian Library Association, 2004)

• "Preservation of the Integrity of Electronic Records" by Luciana Duranti, Terence M. Eastwood and Heather MacNeil. (Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2002)

• "Managing Electronic Records", 2nd ed. by William Saffady. (Kansas: ARMA International, 1998)